#======================================================
#Basic format
# # old style
print('Old style : %s %s' % ('one', 'two'))
# #new style
print('New style : {} {}'.format('one', 'two'))
# # # 
# # # #old style
print('Old style : %d %d' % (1, 2))
# #New Style
print('New style : {} {}'.format(1, 2))

#======================================================
# #Padding and aligning strings
# #Right
print('%10s' % ('test'))
print('{:>10}'.format('test'))
# # # 
# # # #left
print('%-10s' % ('test',))
print('{:10}'.format('test'))
# # 
print('{:.<10}'.format('test'))#this is not available in old styel
print('{:^10}'.format('test'))#this is not available in old styels

#======================================================
# # Truncating long strings
print('%.5s' % ('python is a program',))
print('{:.5}'.format('python is a program'))

#======================================================
# # Combining truncating and padding
print('%-10.5s' % ('xylophone',))
print('{:10.5}'.format('xylophone'))
# 
# # With Numbers
print('%d' % (42,))
print('{:d}'.format(42))
# 
# #with floats
print('%f' % (3.141592653589793,))
print('{:f}'.format(3.141592653589793))

#======================================================
# # Padding numbers
print('%4d' % (42,))
print('{:4d}'.format(42))
# 
# #floats
print('%06.2f' % (3.141592653589793,))
print('{:06.2f}'.format(3.141592653589793))
# 
print('%04d' % (42,))
print('{:04d}'.format(42))

# ========================================================
# # Signed numbers
print('%+d' % (42,))
print('{:+d}'.format(42))
# 
print('% d' % ((- 23),))
print('{: d}'.format((- 23)))
# 
print('{:=5d}'.format((- 23))) #not available in old style.
print('{:=+5d}'.format(23)) #not available in old style.

#=======================================================
# # Named placeholders
data = {'first': 'Hodor', 'last': 'Hodor!'}
print('%(first)s %(last)s' % data)
# 
print('{first} {last}'.format(**data))
# # 
print('{first} {last}'.format(first='Hodor', last='Hodor!'))#not available in old style

#==========================================================
# # Getitem and Getattr
person = {'first': 'Jean-Luc', 'last': 'Picard'}
print('{p[first]} {p[last]}'.format(p=person)) #not available in old style
# 
data = [4, 8, 15, 16, 23, 42]
print('{d[4]} {d[5]}'.format(d=data)) #Not available in old style
# 
# 
class Plant(object):
    type = 'tree'
print('{p.type}'.format(p=Plant())) #Not available in old


class Plants(object):
    type = 'tree'
    kinds = [{'name': 'oak'}, {'name': 'maple'}]
print('{p.type}: {p.kinds[0][name]}'.format(p=Plants())) #Not available in old

#========================================================================
# # Datetime
from datetime import datetime
print('{:%Y-%m-%d %H:%M}'.format(datetime(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5))) #NOt available in old

#========================================================================
# # Datetime
from datetime import datetime
print('{:%Y-%m-%d %H:%M}'.format(datetime(2001, 2, 3, 4, 5))) #NOt available in old

#=========================================================================
# # Parametrized formats
print('{:{align}{width}}'.format('test', align='^', width='10')) #Not available in old
# 
print('%.*s = %.*f' % (3, 'Gibberish', 3, 2.7182)) #old style
print('{:.{prec}} = {:.{prec}f}'.format('Gibberish', 2.7182, prec=3)) #New Style
# 
# # width and precision
print('%*.*f' % (5, 2, 2.7182)) #old
print('{:{width}.{prec}f}'.format(2.7182, width=5, prec=2)) #New
# 
# 
print('{:{prec}} = {:{prec}}'.format('Gibberish', 2.7182, prec='.3')) #this is not available in old

#===================================================================================
# Custom objects
class HAL9000(object):
    def __format__(self, format):
        if (format == 'open-the-pod-bay-doors'):
            return "I'm afraid I can't do that."
        return 'HAL 9000'
print('{:open-the-pod-bay-doors}'.format(HAL9000()))